Yahya (upon him be peace) related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Said ibn al-
Musayyab that the Beloved Messenger of Allah forbade muzabana and muhaqala. Muzabana was selling fresh
dates for dried dates. Muhaqala was buying unharvested wheat in
exchange for threshed wheat and renting land in exchange for wheat.
Ibn Shihab added that he had asked Said ibn al-Musayyab about
renting land for gold and silver. He said, "There is no harm in it."
Malik said, "The Beloved Messenger of Allah forbade muzabana. The explanation of muzabana is that
it is buying something whose number, weight and measure is not known
with something whose number, weight or measure is known, for instance,
if a man has a stack of food whose measure is not known, either of
wheat, dates, or whatever food, or the man has goods of wheat, date
kernels, herbs, safflower, cotton, flax, silk, and does not know its
measure or weight or number and then a buyer approaches him and
proposes that he weigh or measure or count the goods, but, before he
does, he specifies a certain weight, or measure, or number and
guarantees to pay the price for that amount, agreeing that whatever
falls short of that amount is a loss against him and whatever is in
excess of that amount is a gain for him. That is not a sale. It is
taking risks and it is an uncertain transaction. It falls into the
category of gambling because he is not buying something from him for
something definite which he pays. Everything which resembles this is
also forbidden."
Malik said that another example of that was,
for instance, a man proposing to another man, "You have cloth. I will
guarantee you from this cloth of yours so many hooded cloaks, the
measureof each cloak to be such-and-such, (naming a measurement).
Whatever loss there is, is against me and I will fulfill you the
specified amount and whatever excess there is, is mine." Or perhaps
the man proposed, "I will guarantee you from this cloth of yours so
many shirts, the measurement of each shirt to be such-and-such, and
whatever loss there is, is against me and I will fulfill the specified
amount and whatever excess there is, is mine." Or perhaps a man
proposed to a man who had cattle or camel hides, "I will cut up these
hides of yours into sandals on a pattern I will show you. Whatever
falls short of a hundred pairs, I will make up its loss and whatever
is over is mine because I guaranteed you." Another example was that a
man say to a man who had ben-nuts, "I will press these nuts of yours.
Whatever falls short of such-and-such a weight by the pound, I will
make it up, and whatever is more than that is mine."
Malik
said that all this and whatever else was like it or resembled it was
in the category of muzabana, which was neither good nor permitted. It
was also the same case for a man to say to a man, who had fodder
leaves, date kernels, cotton, flax, herbs or safflower, "I will buy
these leaves from you in exchange for such-and-such a sa, (indicating
leaves which are pounded like his leaves) . . or these date kernels
for such-and-such a sa of kernels like them, and the like of that in
the case of safflower, cotton, flax and herbs."
Malik said,
"All this is what we have described of muzabana."
Urdu Translation
ابن شہاب سے روایت ہے کہ حضرت سعید بن المسیب نے فرمایا کہ رسول اللہ صلی اللہ تعالیٰ علیہ وآلہ وسلم نے مزابنہ اور محاقلہ سے منع فرمایا۔ مزابنہ یہ ہے کہ تازہ پھل کو خشک کھجور کے بدلے خریدنا اور محاقلہ یہ ہے کہ کھڑی فصل کو گیہوں کے بدلے خریدنا اور زمین کو گیہوں کے بدلے کرایے پر دینا۔ ابن شہاب فرماتے ہیں: میں نے سعید بن المسیب سے سونے چاندی کے بدلے زمین کرایے پر دینے کے بارے میں پوچھا تو فرمایا: اس میں کوئی حرج نہیں۔
Yahya (upon him be peace) related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Said ibn al-
Musayyab that the Beloved Messenger of Allah forbade muzabana and muhaqala. Muzabana was selling fresh
dates for dried dates. Muhaqala was buying unharvested wheat in
exchange for threshed wheat and renting land in exchange for wheat.
Ibn Shihab added that he had asked Said ibn al-Musayyab about
renting land for gold and silver. He said, "There is no harm in it."
Malik said, "The Beloved Messenger of Allah forbade muzabana. The explanation of muzabana is that
it is buying something whose number, weight and measure is not known
with something whose number, weight or measure is known, for instance,
if a man has a stack of food whose measure is not known, either of
wheat, dates, or whatever food, or the man has goods of wheat, date
kernels, herbs, safflower, cotton, flax, silk, and does not know its
measure or weight or number and then a buyer approaches him and
proposes that he weigh or measure or count the goods, but, before he
does, he specifies a certain weight, or measure, or number and
guarantees to pay the price for that amount, agreeing that whatever
falls short of that amount is a loss against him and whatever is in
excess of that amount is a gain for him. That is not a sale. It is
taking risks and it is an uncertain transaction. It falls into the
category of gambling because he is not buying something from him for
something definite which he pays. Everything which resembles this is
also forbidden."
Malik said that another example of that was,
for instance, a man proposing to another man, "You have cloth. I will
guarantee you from this cloth of yours so many hooded cloaks, the
measureof each cloak to be such-and-such, (naming a measurement).
Whatever loss there is, is against me and I will fulfill you the
specified amount and whatever excess there is, is mine." Or perhaps
the man proposed, "I will guarantee you from this cloth of yours so
many shirts, the measurement of each shirt to be such-and-such, and
whatever loss there is, is against me and I will fulfill the specified
amount and whatever excess there is, is mine." Or perhaps a man
proposed to a man who had cattle or camel hides, "I will cut up these
hides of yours into sandals on a pattern I will show you. Whatever
falls short of a hundred pairs, I will make up its loss and whatever
is over is mine because I guaranteed you." Another example was that a
man say to a man who had ben-nuts, "I will press these nuts of yours.
Whatever falls short of such-and-such a weight by the pound, I will
make it up, and whatever is more than that is mine."
Malik
said that all this and whatever else was like it or resembled it was
in the category of muzabana, which was neither good nor permitted. It
was also the same case for a man to say to a man, who had fodder
leaves, date kernels, cotton, flax, herbs or safflower, "I will buy
these leaves from you in exchange for such-and-such a sa, (indicating
leaves which are pounded like his leaves) . . or these date kernels
for such-and-such a sa of kernels like them, and the like of that in
the case of safflower, cotton, flax and herbs."
Malik said,
"All this is what we have described of muzabana."
ابن شہاب سے روایت ہے کہ حضرت سعید بن المسیب نے فرمایا کہ رسول اللہ صلی اللہ تعالیٰ علیہ وآلہ وسلم نے مزابنہ اور محاقلہ سے منع فرمایا۔ مزابنہ یہ ہے کہ تازہ پھل کو خشک کھجور کے بدلے خریدنا اور محاقلہ یہ ہے کہ کھڑی فصل کو گیہوں کے بدلے خریدنا اور زمین کو گیہوں کے بدلے کرایے پر دینا۔ ابن شہاب فرماتے ہیں: میں نے سعید بن المسیب سے سونے چاندی کے بدلے زمین کرایے پر دینے کے بارے میں پوچھا تو فرمایا: اس میں کوئی حرج نہیں۔
