العربية (الأصل)
حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَيَّاشِ بْنِ أَبِي رَبِيعَةَ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنْ أَبِي سَلَّامٍ عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ قَالَ خَرَجْنَا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَشَهِدْتُ مَعَهُ بَدْرًا فَالْتَقَى النَّاسُ فَهَزَمَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى الْعَدُوَّ فَانْطَلَقَتْ طَائِفَةٌ فِي آثَارِهِمْ يَهْزِمُونَ وَيَقْتُلُونَ فَأَكَبَّتْ طَائِفَةٌ عَلَى الْعَسْكَرِ يَحْوُونَهُ وَيَجْمَعُونَهُ وَأَحْدَقَتْ طَائِفَةٌ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَا يُصِيبُ الْعَدُوُّ مِنْهُ غِرَّةً حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ اللَّيْلُ وَفَاءَ النَّاسُ بَعْضُهُمْ إِلَى بَعْضٍ قَالَ الَّذِينَ جَمَعُوا الْغَنَائِمَ نَحْنُ حَوَيْنَاهَا وَجَمَعْنَاهَا فَلَيْسَ لِأَحَدٍ فِيهَا نَصِيبٌ وَقَالَ الَّذِينَ خَرَجُوا فِي طَلَبِ الْعَدُوِّ لَسْتُمْ بِأَحَقَّ بِهَا مِنَّا نَحْنُ نَفَيْنَا عَنْهَا الْعَدُوَّ وَهَزَمْنَاهُمْ وَقَالَ الَّذِينَ أَحْدَقُوا بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَسْتُمْ بِأَحَقَّ بِهَا مِنَّا نَحْنُ أَحْدَقْنَا بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَخِفْنَا أَنْ يُصِيبَ الْعَدُوُّ مِنْهُ غِرَّةً وَاشْتَغَلْنَا بِهِ فَنَزَلَتْ { يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنْ الْأَنْفَالِ قُلْ الْأَنْفَالُ لِلَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَأَصْلِحُوا ذَاتَ بَيْنِكُمْ } فَقَسَمَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى فَوَاقٍ بَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ قَالَ وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا أَغَارَ فِي أَرْضِ الْعَدُوِّ نَفَلَ الرُّبُعَ وَإِذَا أَقْبَلَ رَاجِعًا وَكُلَّ النَّاسِ نَفَلَ الثُّلُثَ وَكَانَ يَكْرَهُ الْأَنْفَالَ وَيَقُولُ لِيَرُدَّ قَوِيُّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَى ضَعِيفِهِمْ.
الترجمة الإنجليزية
Mu'awiyah ibn Amr narrated to us: Abu Ishaq narrated to us, from Abd al-Rahman ibn Ayyash ibn Abi Rabi'ah, from Sulayman ibn Musa, from Abu Sallam, from Abu Umamah, from Ubadah ibn al-Samit, who said: We went out with the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, and I was present with him at Badr. The armies met, and Allah, Blessed and Exalted, routed the enemy. One group went off in pursuit of them, routing and killing; another group set about the enemy's camp, gathering and collecting the spoils; and another group surrounded the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, so that the enemy could not catch him off guard. Then, when night came and the people returned to one another, those who had gathered the spoils said: We gathered them and collected them, so no one else has any share in them. Those who had gone out pursuing the enemy said: You have no more right to them than we do; we drove the enemy away from them and routed them. And those who had surrounded the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: You have no more right to them than we do; we surrounded the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, fearing that the enemy might catch him off guard, and we were occupied with that. Then there was revealed: 'They ask you about the spoils of war. Say: The spoils of war belong to Allah and the Messenger, so fear Allah and set right the relations between you.' So the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, divided the spoils equally among the Muslims. He said: And whenever the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, raided in enemy territory, he would set aside an extra quarter of the spoils for the raiding party, and when he returned with the whole army, he would set aside an extra third; and he disliked excessive additional shares, and used to say: Let the strong among the believers give back to the weak among them.